Fig. 4. Effects of stretching of cells on YAP/TAZ localization and cell proliferation. The stretching of a cell monolayer overcomes YAP/TAZ and growth inhibition in contact-inhibited cells. (A) Cells plated on the stretching device. After 2 days, cells were subjected to static stretching, fixed with the device still under pressure, and then stained with anti-YAP/TAZ antibody (aYAP/TAZ) for immunofluorescence imaging. DAPI is a nuclear counterstain. Scale bar, 20 mm. (Right) The proportion of cells displaying preferential nuclear YAP/TAZ localization (N, black), even distribution of YAP/TAZ between the nucleus and the cytoplasm (N/C, gray), or prevalently cytoplasmic YAP/TAZ (C, white). (B) Cells plated on the stretching device. After 2 days, cells were subjected to static stretching in the presence of BrdU to label cells undergoing DNA duplication. Scale bar, 20 mm. (Right) Quantitation of proliferation measured as the percentage of BrdU-positive cells (Reprinted with permission, Cell Press, for citation see [53]).